Vol. 6, Issue 2, Part B (2024)

Meristem culture has emerged as a pivotal technique in enhancing citrus breeding programs by enabling the rapid propagation of genetically uniform and disease-free plants. This study evaluates the impact of meristem culture on the efficiency and effectiveness of citrus breeding efforts, focusing on its ability to produce high-quality planting material with desirable traits. By utilizing meristematic tissues, breeders can eliminate viral pathogens and ensure the development of healthy seedlings, thus reducing the risk of disease transmission in cultivated crops. Furthermore, meristem culture facilitates the rapid generation of new hybrids, allowing for quicker assessment of phenotypic traits and selection for superior varieties. This technique also supports the conservation of genetic diversity, essential for breeding programs aiming to develop resilient citrus varieties adapted to changing environmental conditions. The article highlights successful case studies where meristem culture has been integrated into breeding strategies, resulting in the development of improved cultivars with enhanced fruit quality, yield, and disease resistance. Overall, the findings underscore the transformative role of meristem culture in modern citrus breeding, offering a promising pathway for sustainable citrus production and genetic improvement.