Vol. 7, Issue 10, Part H (2025)

Sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum L.) have long been recognized for their nutritional and medicinal value. This study investigates the phytochemical composition and antibacterial properties of sesame seed extracts prepared using methanol, ethanol, acetone, and aqueous solvents. Key bioactive substances, such as phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, and lignans, particularly sesamin and sesamolin were found by phytochemical analysis. Using the diffusion method of agar wells, antibacterial activity was assessed against pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus subtilis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. With zones of inhibition ranging from 15.2 mm to 22.0 mm, the thanolic extract demonstrated the strongest antibacterial activity, outperforming the ethanol, acetone, and aqueous extracts. The methanolic extract's effectiveness was comparable to standard antibiotic ampicillin in several cases. These findings suggest that sesame extracts, mainly methanol extracts, have a great ability to serve as herbal antibiotics. Future planned investigations that aim to isolate and characterize specific compounds with bioactivity may additionally make a contribution to the improvement of latest strategies to combat bacterial diseases.