Vol. 7, Issue 12, Part B (2025)

The agriculture and allied sectors in India face persistent challenges such as climate change, shrinking cultivable land, water scarcity, and recurring disease outbreaks. Addressing these issues requires coordinated, system-wide innovation that extends beyond the capacity of individual stakeholders. This review explores the evolution, relevance, operational models, and impact of Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) as effective mechanisms for agricultural development. PPPs-contractual collaborations with shared planning, resources, and risks-combine private sector efficiency with public sector responsibility. Although PPPs in India have expanded rapidly, agriculture and allied sectors remain underrepresented compared to infrastructure, especially roads. The review outlines key PPP models, including BOT, BOO, and Joint Ventures, and highlights notable examples such as Project Golden Ray, ITC’s e-Choupal, and Karuna Animal Ambulance Services. These cases demonstrate improvements in productivity, market access, and animal health. Despite challenges like coordination gaps and corruption risks, well-designed PPPs are crucial for driving investment, innovation, and farmers’ income growth.