Vol. 7, Issue 5, Part B (2025)

Groundwater is a critical resource for agriculture in the Sirsa block of Sirsa District in Haryana, where canal water is insufficient to meet irrigation demands. This study assessed groundwater quality by analysing 450 samples collected from various villages over three years (2021-2023) by Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Sirsa. Key parameters measured included electrical conductivity (EC), pH, residual sodium carbonate (RSC), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), and major ions (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Na⁺, CO₃⁻, HCO₃⁻, Cl⁻). The results indicated substantial spatial variation in groundwater quality. EC ranged from 0.4 to 14.0 dS/m, with 49% of the samples classified as suitable for irrigation. Sodium emerged as the dominant cation, while bicarbonate and chloride were the prevalent anions. Based on EC, SAR, and RSC, 40% of the water samples were classified as good quality, while 26% were marginally saline, 5% saline, and 7% high SAR saline. Additionally, 14% were marginally alkali, 7% alkali, and 1% highly alkali. While good and marginally saline waters could be used directly, saline and alkaline waters required management interventions like gypsum application, water blending, or cyclic irrigation. The findings underscore the importance of regular monitoring and sustainable management of groundwater resources to maintain soil health and optimize crop yields. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers and farmers, suggesting practical solutions to address water quality issues and promote sustainable agriculture.