A study on socio economic aspects and constraints faced by hybrid paddy (Arize 6444 gold) cultivators in Kaushambi district of Uttar Pradesh

Abstract:

The study examined the significance of rice cultivation in India, emphasizing its role in ensuring food security and sustaining rural livelihoods, with particular focus on the performance and adoption of Arize 6444 Gold, a high-yielding hybrid paddy variety. This variety was recognized for its superior grain quality, shorter maturity period, adaptability to diverse agro-climatic conditions, and strong resistance to pests, diseases, and lodging, which collectively contributed to higher productivity and profitability. Its shorter growth cycle facilitated timely harvesting and crop rotation, thereby optimizing resource utilization. Arize 6444 Gold performed well under both irrigated and rainfed conditions and commanded a higher market value due to its desirable grain appearance and cooking quality. The socio-economic profile of respondents revealed that middle-aged farmers (35-45 years) constituted the largest share, followed by younger groups, with marginal farmers dominating across age categories. Educational levels were highest at the SSC level, with relatively few graduates, while landholding patterns confirmed the predominance of small-scale agriculture. Performance assessment indicated that a majority of farmers fell into the low-performance category, reflecting resource limitations and capacity constraints. The most critical challenges reported by farmers included issues related to price, availability, and certification, whereas competitor pressure and communication gaps were perceived as comparatively minor obstacles. Overall, the study underscored the variety’s contribution to yield stability, income generation, and sustainability in rice-based farming systems, while also identifying areas for targeted interventions to improve access, capacity, and market efficiency for smallholder farmers.