Determination of cost and profitability of bivoltine sericulture in Karnataka

Abstract:

Sericulture is an agro based rural industry, it offers a promising substitute to traditional farming, providing quick returns with minimal upfront investment for farmers. One of the key advantages of sericulture is its ability to generate reliable income. The costs associated with producing income play a crucial role in determining whether a venture results in profit or loss. To gain a better understanding of this aspect, a comprehensive study was conducted to assess the costs involved in bivoltine silkworm cocoon production spanning 15 districts of Karnataka. An investigation into production of cocoon indicates that the major components of cost are labour (40.62%) and chawki worms (32.72%) with farmyard manure, fertilizers and pesticides coming next (19.16%). Rearing consumables (3.99%), rent for mountages along with fuel (3.51%) are very small expenses. The total cost can be split into paid-out costs (57.20%) and unpaid costs (42.80%). From the economic point, the production cost per kilogram of bivoltine cocoons is Rs. 371 and the market price averages Rs. 489 per kg. The profit per hectare is Rs. 1,77,915 and the cost-benefit ratio is a positive one at 1:1.32. To further enhance profitability for sericulture farmers, there is significant scope to adopt sustainable techniques, implement mechanization, and provide targeted training. Specifically, minimizing the substantial costs associated with labor and purchasing of chawki worms from private chawki rearing centers (CRC’s) will be crucial for maximizing profit margins.