An economic analysis on marketing of hybrid paddy in Mirzapur district of Uttar Pradesh

Abstract:

The present study had been conducted to examine the economic aspects of marketing hybrid paddy in Mirzapur district of Uttar Pradesh, with particular emphasis on marketing costs, margins, price spread, and marketing efficiency across different channels. Hybrid paddy had gained importance due to its higher productivity and contribution to food security; however, its marketing system had remained a critical factor influencing farmers’ returns. The study had employed a combination of purposive and random sampling techniques, selecting 120 farmers along with market intermediaries including wholesalers, retailers, and consumers. Primary data had been collected through structured personal interviews, while secondary data had been sourced from relevant literature and official records. The analysis pertained to the agricultural year 2025–2026 and utilised standard marketing indicators. Two marketing channels were identified: Channel I (Producer–Wholesaler–Consumer) and Channel II (Producer–Wholesaler–Retailer–Consumer). The findings had indicated that the net price realised by producers remained the same in both channels; however, the total marketing cost, margin, and price spread were comparatively higher in Channel II due to the involvement of an additional intermediary. Channel I recorded lower marketing cost (Rs. 112) and price spread (Rs. 217), along with higher marketing efficiency (2.98 per cent). In contrast, Channel II exhibited higher marketing cost (Rs. 136), greater price spread (Rs. 277), and lower efficiency (2.33 per cent). The study had concluded that shorter marketing channels were more efficient and beneficial for producers, thereby emphasising the need to minimise intermediaries to enhance farmers’ income and improve the overall marketing system.