Effect of Nitrogen Levels and Foliar Nutrition on Growth and Yield of Green Gram (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek)

Abstract:

A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2025 at the Research Farm, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, to evaluate the effect of nitrogen levels and foliar nutrition on the growth and yield of green gram (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek). The experiment was laid out in a factorial randomized block design with three replications comprising four nitrogen levels (0, 10, 20 and 30 kg N ha⁻¹) and four foliar spray treatments, viz., control, 2% urea spray at flowering stage, 2% urea spray at pod development stage and 2% urea spray at both flowering and pod development stages. Application of 30 kg N ha⁻¹ significantly improved growth parameters, including plant height, number of branches, leaves, nodules, dry matter accumulation, leaf area, leaf area index, chlorophyll content and crop growth rate, and remained statistically at par with 20 kg N ha⁻¹. Among foliar treatments, two sprays of 2% urea at flowering and pod development stages recorded superior growth performance. Yield attributes and yields were also significantly influenced by nitrogen and foliar nutrition. The highest pod length (8.66 cm), pods plant⁻¹ (29.73), seeds pod⁻¹ (11.59), test weight (39.20 g), grain yield (1185 kg ha⁻¹) and straw yield (2299 kg ha⁻¹) were obtained with 30 kg N ha⁻¹, while dual foliar application of 2% urea produced the highest values among foliar treatments. The study indicated that application of 20–30 kg N ha⁻¹ coupled with two foliar sprays of 2% urea effectively enhanced growth and productivity of green gram.